Shared-premises consent
415 U.S. 164 (1974)
Quick Rule
A person with common authority over shared premises may consent to a search of those shared areas against an absent co-occupant.
Field Reminder
Confirm mutual use and joint access or control over the particular area. Ownership alone does not establish common authority.
Important Limits
A physically present co-occupant's express refusal can defeat another occupant's consent as to the objector (Randolph). Later consent after lawful removal raises different rules (Fernandez); do not remove someone simply to evade an objection.
Sources
Opinion sources reviewed October 4, 2026. Editorial summaries; not a comprehensive review of later decisions or Florida-specific requirements. Follow agency policy, certified training, and State Attorney guidance.