Passenger exit orders
519 U.S. 408 (1997)
NationwideU.S. Supreme Court
Quick Rule
During a lawful traffic stop, an officer may order passengers out of the vehicle pending completion of the stop.
Field Reminder
Treat the exit order and any frisk as separate decisions.
Important Limits
This authority does not automatically permit a frisk, search, or detention beyond the lawful stop.
Sources
Opinion sources reviewed October 4, 2026. Editorial summaries; not a comprehensive review of later decisions or Florida-specific requirements. Follow agency policy, certified training, and State Attorney guidance.